ALL |
META-ANALYSIS |
CITATIONS |
|
Benefit-Cost Summary Statistics Per Participant | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benefits to: | ||||||
Taxpayers | $3,173 | Benefits minus costs | $8,690 | |||
Participants | $5,426 | Benefit to cost ratio | $8.85 | |||
Others | $1,021 | Chance the program will produce | ||||
Indirect | $177 | benefits greater than the costs | 100% | |||
Total benefits | $9,796 | |||||
Net program cost | ($1,107) | |||||
Benefits minus cost | $8,690 | |||||
Meta-Analysis of Program Effects | ||||||||||||
Outcomes measured | Treatment age | No. of effect sizes | Treatment N | Adjusted effect sizes(ES) and standard errors(SE) used in the benefit - cost analysis | Unadjusted effect size (random effects model) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First time ES is estimated | Second time ES is estimated | |||||||||||
ES | SE | Age | ES | SE | Age | ES | p-value | |||||
Major depressive disorder Clinical diagnosis of major depression or symptoms measured on a validated scale. |
58 | 12 | 1616 | -0.357 | 0.050 | 59 | -0.186 | 0.061 | 61 | -0.357 | 0.001 | |
Global functioning^ How well individuals (typically those who are developmentally disabled or seriously mentally ill) have adapted to activities of daily living. |
58 | 3 | 684 | -0.157 | 0.084 | 59 | n/a | n/a | n/a | -0.157 | 0.061 | |
Systolic blood pressure^ The blood pressure in the arteries when the heart beats. This is the first (or top) number in a blood pressure reading. |
58 | 2 | 133 | -0.274 | 0.178 | 59 | n/a | n/a | n/a | -0.274 | 0.125 | |
Blood sugar (HbA1c)^ Measure of average blood sugar over 10-12 weeks. |
58 | 2 | 242 | -0.151 | 0.163 | 59 | n/a | n/a | n/a | -0.151 | 0.354 | |
LDL cholesterol^ “Bad cholesterol” that is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease. |
58 | 1 | 98 | -0.185 | 0.220 | 59 | n/a | n/a | n/a | -0.185 | 0.400 |
Detailed Monetary Benefit Estimates Per Participant | ||||||
Affected outcome: | Resulting benefits:1 | Benefits accrue to: | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Taxpayers | Participants | Others2 | Indirect3 | Total |
||
Major depressive disorder | Labor market earnings associated with major depression | $2,183 | $5,142 | $0 | $0 | $7,324 |
Health care associated with major depression | $989 | $280 | $1,021 | $494 | $2,783 | |
Mortality associated with depression | $2 | $4 | $0 | $235 | $242 | |
Program cost | Adjustment for deadweight cost of program | $0 | $0 | $0 | ($553) | ($553) |
Totals | $3,173 | $5,426 | $1,021 | $177 | $9,796 | |
Detailed Annual Cost Estimates Per Participant | ||||
Annual cost | Year dollars | Summary | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Program costs | $938 | 2016 | Present value of net program costs (in 2022 dollars) | ($1,107) |
Comparison costs | $0 | 2016 | Cost range (+ or -) | 15% |
Benefits Minus Costs |
Benefits by Perspective |
Taxpayer Benefits by Source of Value |
Benefits Minus Costs Over Time (Cumulative Discounted Dollars) |
The graph above illustrates the estimated cumulative net benefits per-participant for the first fifty years beyond the initial investment in the program. We present these cash flows in discounted dollars. If the dollars are negative (bars below $0 line), the cumulative benefits do not outweigh the cost of the program up to that point in time. The program breaks even when the dollars reach $0. At this point, the total benefits to participants, taxpayers, and others, are equal to the cost of the program. If the dollars are above $0, the benefits of the program exceed the initial investment. |
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