Sealants are plastic films applied to the biting surfaces of molars to prevent decay. This analysis focuses on the effect of resin sealants compared to no treatment.

 

Meta-analysis is a statistical method to combine the results from separate studies on a program, policy, or topic to estimate its effect on an outcome. WSIPP systematically evaluates all credible evaluations we can locate on each topic. The outcomes measured are the program impacts measured in the research literature (for example, impacts on crime or educational attainment). Treatment N represents the total number of individuals or units in the treatment group across the included studies.

An effect size (ES) is a standard metric that summarizes the degree to which a program or policy affects a measured outcome. If the effect size is positive, the outcome increases. If the effect size is negative, the outcome decreases. See Estimating Program Effects Using Effect Sizes for additional information on how we estimate effect sizes.

The effect size may be adjusted from the unadjusted effect size estimated in the meta-analysis. Historically, WSIPP adjusted effect sizes to some programs based on the methodological characteristics of the study. For programs reviewed in 2024 or later, we do not make additional adjustments, and we use the unadjusted effect size whenever we run a benefit-cost analysis.

Research shows the magnitude of effects may change over time. For those effect sizes, we estimate outcome-based adjustments, which we apply between the first time ES is estimated and the second time ES is estimated. More details about these adjustments can be found in our Technical Documentation.

Meta-Analysis of Program Effects
Outcomes measured	Treatment age	Primary or secondary participant	No. of effect sizes	Treatment N	Effect sizes (ES) and standard errors (SE)			Unadjusted effect size (random effects model)
					ES	SE	Age	ES	p-value
Tooth decay Dental caries or cavities caused by a breakdown of tooth enamel.	0	Primary	12	2978	-0.973	0.117	8	-0.973	0.001

Bravo, M., Llodra, J.C., Baca, P., & Osorio, E. (1996). Effectiveness of visible light fissure sealant (Delton) versus fluoride varnish (Duraphat): 24-month clinical trial. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 24(1), 42-46.

Brooks, J.D., Mertz-Fairhurst, E.J., Della-Giustina, V.E., Williams, J.E., & Fairhurst, C.W. (1979). A comparative study of two pit and fissure sealants: two-year results in Augusta, GA. Journal of the American Dental Association, 98(5), 722-725.

Charbeneau, G.T., & Dennison, J.B. (1979). Clinical success and potential failure after single application of a pit and fissure sealant: a four-year report. Journal of the American Dental Association, 98(4), 559-564.

Hunter, P.B. (1988). A study of pit and fissure sealing in the School Dental Service. The New Zealand Dental Journal, 84(375), 10-12.

Liu, B.Y., Lo, E.C., Chu, C.H., & Lin, H.C. (2012). Randomized trial on fluorides and sealants for fissure caries prevention. Journal of Dental Research, 91(8), 753-758.

McCune, R.J., Bojanini, J., & Abodeely, R.A. (1979). Effectiveness of a pit and fissure sealant in the prevention of caries: three-year clinical results. Journal of the American Dental Association, 99(4), 619-623.

Richardson, A.S., Waldman, R., Gibson, G.B., & Vancouver, B.C. (1978). The effectiveness of a chemically polymerized sealant in preventing occlusal caries: two year results. Dental Journal, 44(6), 269-272.

Rock, W.P., Gordon, P.H., & Bradnock, G. (1978). The effect of operator variability and patient age on the retention of fissure sealant resin. British Dental Journal, 145(3), 72-75.

Sheykholeslam, Z., & Houpt, M. (1978). Clinical effectiveness of an autopolymerized fissure sealant after 2 years. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 6(4), 181-4.

Songpaisan, Y., Bratthall, D., Phantumvanit, P., & Somridhivej, Y. (1995). Effects of glass ionomer cement, resin-based pit and fissure sealant and HF applications on occlusal caries in a developing country field trial. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 23(1), 25-29.

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