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Smoking cessation programs for pregnant women: Postpartum smoking relapse prevention

Healthcare: Maternal and Infant Health
  Literature review updated December 2016.

In this analysis, we reviewed studies of programs that recruited women who quit smoking during pregnancy and provided counseling to prevent relapse. These programs included at least some postpartum counseling.
 
ALL
META-ANALYSIS
CITATIONS

Meta-analysis is a statistical method to combine the results from separate studies on a program, policy, or topic to estimate its effect on an outcome. WSIPP systematically evaluates all credible evaluations we can locate on each topic. The outcomes measured are the program impacts measured in the research literature (for example, impacts on crime or educational attainment). Treatment N represents the total number of individuals or units in the treatment group across the included studies.

An effect size (ES) is a standard metric that summarizes the degree to which a program or policy affects a measured outcome. If the effect size is positive, the outcome increases. If the effect size is negative, the outcome decreases. See Estimating Program Effects Using Effect Sizes for additional information on how we estimate effect sizes.

The effect size may be adjusted from the unadjusted effect size estimated in the meta-analysis. Historically, WSIPP adjusted effect sizes to some programs based on the methodological characteristics of the study. For programs reviewed in 2024 or later, we do not make additional adjustments, and we use the unadjusted effect size whenever we run a benefit-cost analysis.

Research shows the magnitude of effects may change over time. For those effect sizes, we estimate outcome-based adjustments, which we apply between the first time ES is estimated and the second time ES is estimated. More details about these adjustments can be found in our Technical Documentation.

Meta-Analysis of Program Effects
Outcomes measured No. of effect sizes Treatment N Effect sizes (ES) and standard errors (SE) Unadjusted effect size (random effects model)
ES SE Age ES p-value
Regular smoking
Smoking tobacco on a regular basis.
 27 4 405 -0.359 0.117 27 -0.359 0.002

Citations Used in the Meta-Analysis

Jiménez-Muro, A., Nerín, I., Samper, P., Marqueta, A., Beamonte, A., Gargallo, P., . . . Rodríguez, G. (2013). A proactive smoking cessation intervention in postpartum women. Midwifery, 29(3), 240-245.

McBride, C.M. (1999). Prevention of relapse in women who quit smoking during pregnancy. American Journal of Public Health, 89(5), 706-711.

Reitzel, L.R., Vidrine, J.I., Businelle, M.S., Kendzor, D.E., Costello, T.J., Li, Y., . . . Wetter, D. W. (2010). Preventing postpartum smoking relapse among diverse low-income women: a randomized clinical trial. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 12(4), 326-35.

Ruger, J.P., Weinstein, M.C., Hammond, S.K., Kearney, M.H., & Emmons, K.M. (2008). Cost-Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing for Smoking Cessation and Relapse Prevention among Low-Income Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Value in Health, 11(2), 191-198.